Instead, it aims to provide site visitors who have an interest in the intersection between immigration and criminal law -- and between immigrant communities and local law enforcement -- with some starting points from which to begin exploring these topics from academic, advocacy, and organizing perspectives. The bulk of the entries listed here are national in focus, but the list begins with a compilation of resources for folks interested specifically in Tennessee, and it ends with a few more internationally oriented suggestions.

The list was developed from resources first identified by the three law students who carried out this project and was then substantially supplemented by Spring Miller in summer 2004. It is skewed somewhat toward items that are available on-line.

A URL address is provided whenever possible. The citation style is a hybrid format strongly influenced by legal citation practice, but designed to be accessible to readers outside the legal academy and to provide the information they will expect (although not always in the sequence or format to which they are accustomed). For citations to periodical articles, the number that precedes the name of the periodical indicates the volume. Issue number and page references follow the name of the periodical.

I. Immigrants and the Criminal Justice System -- Tennessee

A. Publications
B. Tennessee Organizations and Projects
C. Selected government offices and agencies in Tennessee

II. Immigrants and Criminal Justice Systems -- U.S.

A. Publications
B. U.S. Organizations and Projects beyond Tennessee

III. Immigrants and Criminal Justice Systems -- International Resources

A. Publications
B. International and Transnational Organizations and Projects
C. International Conventions, Treaties, etc.

I. Immigrants and the Criminal Justice System -- Tennessee

A. Publications

Dan Cornfield, principal investigator, Immigrant Community Assessment, prepared for Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County, Tennessee. (August 2003)
ftp://ftp.nashville.gov/web/finance/immigrant-community-assessment-nashville.pdf

Spring Miller, "Latino Immigrants in Tennessee: A Survey of Demographic Statistics and Social Science Research," prepared for Professor Fran Ansley, University of Tennessee College of Law. (June 2004)

"Defendant and Family Handbook." Provided by the Office of the Metropolitan Public Defender, 1202 Stahlman Building, Nashville, TN 37201.

"Manual de informacion importante para el acusado y su familia." Provided by the Nashville Public Defender's Office, 1202 Stahlman Building, Nashville, TN 37201.

B. Tennessee organizations and projects

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Tennessee
Nashville
http://www.aclu-tn.org
"The American Civil Liberties Union of Tennessee (ACLU-TN) is dedicated to translating the guarantees of the Bill of Rights into realities for all Tennesseans ."

Conexión Americas
Nashville
http://www.conamericas.com
" Conexión Americas is the first Hispanic nonprofit organization serving the Hispanic community in Middle Tennessee in a comprehensive way. Our organization is fully staffed with bilingual/bi-cultural Latin American professionals. Our mission is to help Hispanic families realize their aspirations for social and economic advancement by promoting their social, economic and civic integration into the Middle Tennessee community ."

Citizens for Police Review
Knoxville
http://www.korrnet.org/cpr/
"CPR was organized to encourage and promote greater democratic participation in the issues that affect our lives; to promote, facilitate, and implement community self-determination; and to seek civilian accountability of local police. CPR monitors and documents local complaints of police misconduct. "

Highlander Research and Education Center
http://www.hrec.org
“The goal of Highlander was and is to provide education and support to poor and working people fighting economic injustice, poverty, prejudice, and environmental destruction. We help grassroots leaders create the tools necessary for building broad-based movements for change.”

Latino Memphis
http://www.latinomemphis.org
“Latino Memphis is a non-profit advocacy organization promoting the advancement of the Latino community in Memphis and the MidSouth."

Latinos Unidos
http://www.southernempowerment.org/
An organization dedicated to the empowerment of Latino immigrant communities in East Tennessee.

Somali Community Center
Nashville
http://www.somalinashville.org/
"We are a non-profit community-based organization created to facilitate the transition of Somalis and other refugees of African origin to life in Nashville and in the broader American community."

Southern Migrant Legal Services
A Project of Texas RioGrande Legal Aid, Inc.
Nashville Office
http://www.trla.org
"Texas RioGrande Legal Aid, Inc. provides free legal services to indigent residents of South and West Texas and to migrant and seasonal farm workers throughout Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee."”

Tennessee Immigrant and Refugee Rights Coalition (TIRRC)
http://www.tnimmigrant.org
"The Tennessee Immigrant and Refugee Rights Coalition is a state-wide, immigrant and refugee-led collaboration whose mission is to empower immigrants and refugees throughout Tennessee to develop a unified voice, defend their rights, and create an atmosphere in which immigrants and refugees are viewed as positive contributors to the state."

C. Selected government offices and agencies in Tennessee

Tennessee Attorney General's Office
http://www.attorneygeneral.state.tn.us/

Tennessee Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges
http://www.state.tn.us/tcjfcj/

Tennessee Department of Safety
http://www.tennessee.gov/safety/

Tennessee Department of Corrections
http://www.state.tn.us/correction/

Tennessee Foreign Language Institute
http://www.foreignlanguages.org/

Tennessee Highway Patrol
http://www.tennessee.gov/safety/thp.htm

Return to top of page

II. Immigrants and Local Criminal Justice Systems -- U.S. Generally

A. Publications

Stuart Anderson, "The Multiplier Effect," a study by the National Foundation for American Policy, Washington DC (2004)
http://www.nfap.net/

Applied Research Center. Reasserting Justice. An activist's toolkit. (May 2003)
http://www.arc.org/content/view/245/36/

Anannya Bhattacharjee, "Whose Safety? Women of Color and the Violence of Law Enforcement," a Justice Visions Working Paper published by the American Friends Service Committee (2001)
http://www.afsc.org/community/WhoseSafety.pdf

Kevin Johnson, "The End of 'Civil Rights' as We Know It? Immigration and Civil Rights in the New Millennium," 49 UCLA Law Review (no.5) pp. 1482-1511 (June 2002)

National Immigration Forum, "The CLEAR Act and Homeland Security Enhancement Act: Dangerous Public Policy According to Police, Governments, Opinion Leaders and Communities." (April 2004)
http://www.immigrationforum.org/currentissues/articles/CLEARHSEAQuotes.pdf

Symposium: Migration Regulation Goes Local: the Role of States in U.S. Immigration Policy. 58 New York University Annual Survey of American Law (i3) pp. 283-407 (Summer 2002)
http://www.nyu.edu/pubs/annualsurvey/html/issue.php?issueID=4

Demetrios G. Papademetriou and Muzaffar Chishti, "Authority of State and Local Police Officers to Arrest Aliens Suspected of Civil Infractions of Federal Immigration Law." Migration Policy Institute (June 11, 2002)
http://www.migrationpolicy.org/files/authority.pdf

Melinda Smith, "Criminal Defense Attorneys and Noncitizen Clients: Understanding Immigrants, Basic Immigration Law and How Recent Changes in Those Laws May Affect Your Criminal Cases." 33 Akron Law Review (no 1) pp. 163-207 (1999)

Rebecca Smith and Amy Sugimori , Low Pay, High Risk: State Models for Advancing Immigrant Workers' Rights. Immigrant Workers Project of the National Employment Law Center. (Revised November 2003)
http://www.nelp.org/iwp/reform/state/low_pay_high_risk.cfm

Andrew Sum, Neeta Fogg, Ishwar Khatiwada, Sheila Palma, Foreign Immigration and the Labor Force of the U.S.: the Contributions of New Foreign Immigration to the Growth of the Nation's Labor Force and Its Employed Population, 2000. to 2004. Center for Labor Market Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (July 2004)
http://www.nupr.neu.edu/7-04/immigrant_04.pdf

Norton Tooby, Criminal Defense of Immigrants . 3rd edition. Oakland, CA: Law Offices of Norton Tooby (2003).

Manuel D. Vargas and Marianne Yang, Representing Noncitizen Criminal Defendants in New York State. 3 rd edition Distributed by the New York State Defenders' Association, 194 Washington Ave, Suite 500 Albany, NY (2003).

Deborah Weissman, "Between Principles and Practice: the Need for Certified Court Interpreters in North Carolina." 78 North Carolina Law Review (no. 6) pp. 1899-1964 (2000)

B. U.S. organizations and projects beyond Tennessee

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), Immigrants' Rights Project
http://www.aclu.org/ImmigrantsRights/ImmigrantsRightslist.cfm?c=96
"The Immigrants' Rights Project (IRP) of the American Civil Liberties Union works to defend the civil and constitutional rights of immigrants through a comprehensive program of impact litigation and public education."

American Friends Service Committee Immigrants' Rights Program/Project Voice
http://www.afsc.org/immigrants-rights/default.htm
"The American Friends Service Committee is a practical expression of the faith of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). Through local-level service and advocacy programs, and through its national Project Voice initiative, the AFSC works to promote immigrants' rights and strengthen the voices of immigrant communities in policy discussions."

American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA)
http://www.aila.org
"The American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) is the national association of over 8,000 attorneys and law professors who practice and teach immigration law. AILA is a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization that provides its members with continuing legal education, information, professional services, and expertise through its 35 chapters and over 50 national committees."

Center for Immigration Studies
http://www.cis.org/
"The Center for Immigration Studies is an independent, non-partisan, non-profit research organization founded in 1985. . . . It is the Center's mission to expand the base of public knowledge and understanding of the need for an immigration policy that gives first concern to the broad national interest. . . . The Center is animated by a pro-immigrant, low-immigration vision which seeks fewer immigrants but a warmer welcome for those admitted. "

Citizens and Immigrants for Equal Justice
http://www.ciej.org
"CIEJ is a coalition of American/Legal resident families facing permanent separation due to the 1996 immigration acts AEDPA, and IIRIRA. "

Detention Watch Network
http://www.lirs.org/What/partners/DWN.htm
"The Detention Watch Network was founded in 1997 in response to the rapid growth of the U.S. immigration detention system ... [Its] members are concerned about the vast increase in the number of asylum seekers and immigrants who are subject to detention and about the lack of protection for the rights of those who are detained."

The Federation for American Immigration Reform
http://www.fairus.org
"The Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) is a national, non-profit, public interest membership organization of concerned citizens united by their belief in the need for immigration reform. Founded in 1979, FAIR believes that the U.S. can and must have an immigration policy that is non-discriminatory and designed to serve the environmental, economic, and social needs of our country. . .FAIR seeks to improve border security, to stop illegal immigration, and to promote immigration levels consistent with the national interest--more traditional rates of about 300,000 a year."

Friends of Immigration Law Enforcement (FILE)
http://www.fileus.com
"Friends of Immigration Law Enforcement (FILE) is an association of attorneys, researchers, law enforcement officers, legislators, and other experts working on behalf of Americans to ensure that immigration law is being enforced. FILE assists in filing lawsuits and complaints and helps Americans who have been harmed by our government's failure to enforce immigration law ."

National Council of La Raza
http://www.nclr.org
"The National Council of La Raza --the largest national constituency-based Hispanic organization and the leading voice in Washington, DC for the Hispanic community -- is a private, nonprofit, nonpartisan, tax-exempt organization established to reduce poverty and discrimination and improve life opportunities for Hispanic Americans."

National Employment Law Project (NELP)
http://www.nelp.org
"The National Employment Law Project (NELP) has advocated for over 30 years on behalf of low-wage workers, the poor, the unemployed, and other groups that face significant barriers to employment and government systems of support."

National Immigration Forum
http://www.immigrationforum.org
"The mission of the National Immigration Forum is to embrace and uphold America' s tradition as a nation of immigrants. The Forum advocates and builds support for public policies that welcome immigrants and refugees and are fair and supportive to newcomers in the United States ."

National Immigration Forum's Community Resource Bank
http://www.communityresourcebank.org
A collection of immigration-related resources for local-level advocates and service providers. Includes fast access to Census statistics, examples of successful local advocacy campaigns, and contact information for local-level immigration practitioners throughout the country.

National Immigration Law Center (NILC)
http://www.nilc.org
"The National Immigration Law Center (NILC) is a national support center whose mission is to protect and promote the rights and opportunities of low income immigrants and their family members. NILC staff specialize in immigration law, and the employment and public benefits rights of immigrants."

National Immigration Law Center's resource page on state drivers' license policies and immigrants
http://www.nilc.org/immspbs/DLs/index.htm
Articles, toolkits, and other information regarding immigrant access to drivers' licenses.

National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers' Guild
http://www.nationalimmigrationproject.org/
"The National Immigration Project is a progressive source of information and legal support on immigrant rights. We are one of the few national-level groups that specializes in defending the rights of immigrants facing incarceration and deportation."

National Network for Immigrant and Refugee Rights
http://www.nnirr.org
"The National Network for Immigrant and Refugee Rights (NNIRR) is a national organization composed of local coalitions and immigrant, refugee, community, religious, civil rights and labor organizations and activists. It serves as a forum to share information and analysis, to educate communities and the general public, and to develop and coordinate plans of action on important immigrant and refugee issues."

Return to top of page

III. Immigrants and Local Criminal Justice Systems -- International Resources

A. Publications

Anne James and Mark Warren, "Equal Protection: Consular Assistance and Criminal Justice Procedures in the U.S.A.: An Introductory Guide for Consulates." published by the International Justice Project and Human Rights Research. (July 2003)
http://www.internationaljusticeproject.org/pdfs/VCCRguide.pdf

Amnesty International
http://www.amnesty.org/
"AI's mission is to undertake research and action focused on preventing and ending grave abuses of the rights to physical and mental integrity, freedom of conscience and expression, and freedom from discrimination, within the context of its work to promote all human rights ."

December 18: Portal for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Migrants
http://www.december18.net/web/general/start.php
"DECEMBER 18 is an online organization named after the International Day of Solidarity with Migrants, initiated in 1997 by Asian migrant organizations. It was on December 18, 1990 that the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families was approved by the UN General Assembly. The mission of December 18 is to promote and protect the rights of migrants with dignity and respect as basic values. Our goal is to support the work of migrant organizations in the different regions by using the Internet as a tool for advocacy, networking and the dissemination of information."

International Justice Project
http://www.internationaljusticeproject.org/overview.cfm
"The International Justice Project works towards the development, coordination and increased employment of international law and human rights standards as they pertain to capital punishment."

Regional Conference on Migration
http://www.rcmvs.org/
"An intergovernmental forum of eleven countries in North and Central America devoted to sharing information and promoting dialogue on migration."

United Nations Commission on Human Rights, Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants
http://www.ohchr.org/english/issues/migration/rapporteur/
"The mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Migrants was created in 1999 by the Commission on Human Rights, pursuant to resolution 1999/44. . . .The Commission requested the Special Rapporteur to 'examine ways and means to overcome the obstacles existing to the full and effective protection of the human rights of migrants, including obstacles and difficulties for the return of migrants who are undocumented or in an irregular situation'."

C. International conventions, treaties, etc.

1990 United Nations Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families
http://www.ohchr.org/english/law/cmw.htm

Return to top of page